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Suggestions on
the Key Objectives
NGO SEMINAR on EECCA Environmental Strategy
1-2 February 2003, Moscow
Measures on Environmental Legislation and
Development of Institutional Framework
The objective to improve the environmental legislation
policies and institutions- is a tool of insurance and enforcement of the objectives of
other directions.
: Certain countries of EECCA should consider passing the
following rules on reforming certain political instruments
1. Increasing government expenditure on environmental
programs up to 0,3% of the GDP by 2006, up to 0,4 of GDP by 2009 and up to 0,5 % - by
2012.
2.Reaching the volume of the partnership assistance
program. in the “East-West” framework of up to 0,4 % of GDP in recipient countries by
2006.
.Achieving the new level of non-governmental environmental
programs through building capacity, providing technical assistance, supporting
institutional development in non governmental and private sectors, development of
institutional initiatives and expanding possibilities for public participation in
environmental decision making process. Assistance provided within the East-West
Partnership framework should be equally spread across governmental, non-governmental and
private structures in EECCA.
Preservation and development of the system of monitoring of polluting
substances and their harmful impact.
Legalising the status of the PRTRs Lists by 2006.
Legalising unified environmental emission standards, regulating air
emissions, water discharges and waste disposal and their negative impact on environment by
2006.
Meeting respective international agreements in the area of
standardization of types of polluting substances and their harmful impacts
Development and implementation of a concept of risk management as part
of a mechanism to ensure environmental security at the national and international levels.
Improvement of EIA Practice, Including Transboundary
Issues: diversification of assessment of different types of projects, considering the full
range of environmental impacts (not just emission standards) within complete EIA,
development, legalization and implementation of procedures for public participation in
environmental assessment at all stages of EIA up to 2006.
Deterrence of potential law violators as top priority, development of
law enforcement programs combining sanctions and compliance promotion measures,
enhancement of environmental justice competences - by 2012.
Providing citizens and NGOs with the right to file a lawsuit to protect
public interests in case of damages to state and municipal property and the environment,
exemption of the above persons from paying litigation expenses and from actions on
measures for enforcing claims in connection with specified actions - by 2006.
Reform of government environmental institutions: ensuring division of
functions between different government bodies regarding property right, state control,
regulation, economic activities and service provision - by 2009. Introduction of
international legal norms in national legislation.
Clear division in national legislation between natural resource taxes,
within the limits of environmental impacts, on the one hand and pollution charges and
sanctions, on the other - by 2009.
Reform of pollution tax system: significant reduction of the number of
pollutants and types of other negative activities on which taxes are imposed, increase of
tax rates up to the level encouraging pollution abatement, reduction of discretion of
environmental authorities in providing soft financing - by 2012
Introduction of changes in national legislation on provision of tax
breaks aimed at reducing negative environmental impacts and incorporation of environmental
protection costs in production costs – up to 2006.
Development of economic instruments for regulation of natural resources
management on the basis of keeping part of natural resources rents – up to 2012.
Adoption of legislation envisaging compensation of legal entities for
environmental damages, restoration of the environment and human health.
Development of environmental insurance institutions and design of
national legislation in the area of the environmental audit – up to 2009.
Integration of environmental policies into territorial planning:
integration of environmental approaches into national urban development legislation and
the legislation on local governance, meeting obligations under the European Landscape
Convention, ÑEMAT principles and the resolutions of the ministerial process on forest
protection in Europe, implementation of programs on development of mountainous territories
and the European Strategy to preserve biological and landscape diversity.
Promotion of inter-agency cooperation programs:
introduction of legal measures ensuring customs and VAT exemptions for funds and property
for small projects as part of international environmental programs and projects - by 2006.
Further development of the OOPT system, European
Environmental Network and other protected areas with the aim of preserving natural
heritage – up to 2006.
Funding of Environmental Program
Improving transparency of environmental financing
Challenges:
Decision makers do not possess appropriate economic and
financial information which could allow them make targeted government interventions and
allocate limited government resources on environmental areas which most critically need
public support.
Common Goal:
Improvement of the information basis and data bases for
effective financing of environmental protection measures.
Decisions and Actions:
Ensuring transparency of government expenditure in the
field of environmental protection
Reform of Institutions Managing Public
Environmental Expenditure
Challenges
Although existing public funds are very limited, they
could be used in a more effective, transparent and accountable manner. Not doing so,
weakens the management of public environmental expenditure.
Planned Actions:
Reform of institutions managing public environmental expenditure
(including environmental funds) taking into account the best internationally-recognised
practices in order to ensure accountability, transparency and economic and environmental
effectiveness.
Improvement of capacity and skills of existing financing institutions in
project cycle management.
Introduction of new, innovative institutional mechanisms for managing
public environmental expenditure programs, taking into account the best
internationally-recognised practices.
Success Indicator:
Increase of the number of programs, applying rigorous criteria in
financing projects, financial planning and accountability analysis and officially approved
for implementation by environmental authorities.
Making Use of Debt-for-Environment Swaps
Opportunities
Problem:
Servicing foreign debt in many of the poor countries in
the region characterized by high indebtedness requires significant levels of public
expenditure, thus diverting funds from social and environmental needs. This contributes to
overuse of natural resources, which conflicts with the principles of sustainable
development, as a way to obtain foreign capital. Currently, only two EECCA countries (
Georgia and Kyrgyzstan) have included a clause on debt-for-environment swap in their
agreements on debt restructuring with the Paris Club which allows them to start
negotiations on such swaps with creditors. Resources made available through such swaps may
not be that big in absolute terms but compared to the level of their existing
environmental budgets, they appear significant. At the same time, such initiatives could
threaten a country’s credit rating. A regional initiative (for example, the initiative
related to debt relief for some of the poorest countries of the former Soviet Union) could
help avoid some potential unfavorable consequences where debt- for environment swap
schemes are applied, aiming at solving the most pressing environmental problems together
with poverty eradication. And these solutions could be acceptable for both creditors and
debtors.
Planned Actions:
Considering the possibility of developing a regional initiative within
the Kyev Conference framework in accordance with the “debt-for-environment swap”
scheme related to global and trans boundary problems.
Developing an open and trusty feasibility analysis: effective,
verifiable and transparent framework for the debt swap management, making creditors feel
confident; design of possible expenditure programs to be managed under such swaps which
could be attractive to creditors.
Environmental Pollution Control and Prevention.
While considering this problem and actions to be taken, it
is necessary to also pay attention to:
Low environmental pollution charges;
Use of outdated technologies and equipment for waste processing
(incineration, recycling).
Water Resources Management in Economies in
Transition
Supporting global and regional partnership initiatives,
such as the EC Water Initiative and the Global Water Partnership; participants of the
East-West Partnership are determined to strive for achieving the indicators of respective
programs for improving access expansion to clean drinking water and contributing to the
conservation of water ecosystems.
Improving the Management of Water Supply and
Sanitation Infrastructure.
Setting-up clear boundaries of responsibility between service providers
and customers.
Organising large-scale educational events on reduction of water losses
targeted at population, corporate managers, municipal authorities.
Strengthening the capacity of institutions dealing with consumer rights
protection.
Integrated management of water resources,
including problems of transboundary river basins and regional seas
Lack of attention to issues related to areas where wastewater discharges
originate.
Development of inventory of transboundary waters involving the public.
Development of cooperation between government, private and
non-governmental sectors focusing on solutions of transboundary water issues.
Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Protection
It is critical to attract attention to the fact that
biological diversity is not jus a natural resource but a life-supporting system as well,
that is biodiversity should be assessed in both environmental and ethical terms.
Problems:
Planned Actions:
Utilizing the potential of natural habitats for the sake of biodiversity
conservation made available as a result of disarmament and conversion of military bases,
etc.
Design and implementation of programs on re-acclimatization of species
and recreation of destroyed and damaged ecosystems.
Initiating creation of “Green Books” with the status of a “ Red
Book” in all EECCA countries
Raising awareness of and creating incentives for local communities in
protecting biodiversity (development of eco tourism, countryside tourism, sustainable use
of agro biodiversity, etc.).
Recommend the existing Secretariat of the Biodiversity
Convention on as an executive and managing body.
Possible Indicators
Increased forest coverage.
Extension of specially protected territories (SPTs) and setting up a
network of green corridors.
Creation of trans-boundary SPTs and/or regional (SPTs) network.
Establishment of the regional monitoring network to oversee the
conditions of the biodiversity.
Conservation and extension of the area of the SPTs.
Quantitative Indicators: % of natural-reserve territories, including:
% of integrated Natural Reserves Funds, already organized in
environmental networks;
% of Natural Reserves Funds of high rank (reserve zones of biospheric
reserves and national parks, natural territories);
% of territories, identified as areas to be included in the Natural
Reserves Fund.
Integration of Environmental Requirements into
Sectoral Policies
The sectoral division of economy results in a break in
inter-sectoral, inter-agency links and limited possibilities to influence their activities
on the part of environmental agencies. The solution of this problem can be found first and
foremost in the improving inter-agency relations and integration of environmental
considerations into sectoral policies. Sectoral policies can create a number of
environmental problems, such as climate change, air pollution, potential incidents
(especially with outdated nuclear power stations (NPSs) or NPSs with serious technological
defects. Oil spills, general safety level in fuel transportation and compliance with
environmental requirements during construction and use of oil pipes for transportation of
energy resources, ever-increasing volumes of household and industrial waste are also
sources of concern.
All this requires development and implementation of
intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral environmental policy. In this regard, while stressing
the importance of water, energy and agricultural sectors, it is also recommended to
incorporate in the Strategy trade, transport, resource exploitation and processing,
forestry, military industrial complex, urban development, etc. In perspective, all
economic sectors should have been incorporated by 2012.
Energy sector and agriculture, having the greatest impact
on environment, are the priority sectors where environmental concerns should be first
integrated.
Energy Sector (including interdisciplinary issues
of energy efficiency, renewable sources of energy and climate change)
Although energy issues are not in the immediate competence
of environmental agencies, environmental ministers in many countries over the world
express more and more concern with these issues in the light of the above observations and
also due to the predatory overuse of fossil fuel, accumulation of radioactive
contamination and radioactive waste. The most part of the green house gases accounts for
the energy sector, connected with the humankind activities and and extensive use of
sprays, hazardous for the people’s health. The integration of the environmental
considerations into the energy sector is caused primarily by the measures on the energy
efficiency allowing for the reduction of the fuel consumption, reduction of the green
house gases emission and decrease of the wastes sources. Such measure can include
application of up-to-date equipment and energy efficient technologies to control pollution
levels and leakages. Among the above measures there are also application of compressing
installations (compressors) and heat utilization during the gas combustion in torches, use
of renewable sources of energy. The EECCA region has a great potential for implementation
of the above measures.
Problems
Increase of the level of energy consumption entails climate changing,
air pollution, natural resources depletion.
More excessive use of the fossil fuel leads to the natural resources
depletion, increase of the anthropogenic load which slows down economic development.
Reconstruction of old power stations standing idle and construction of
new power stations, NPS (Nuclear Power Stations).
Changing legislative base tailor them to the interests of agencies
(Minatom), their intentions or accomplished facts (deals, agreements).
Expansion of energy export and cleanest types of energy sources (gas) at
the cost of development of the “dirty” energy generating technologies” ( coal,
atomic energy).
Adoption on the federal level of legislative norms and economic
decisions minimizing the environmentally sound effects in the government and limiting
constitutional rights of citizens.
Insufficient attention by the government to and support for the wide
introduction of non traditional renewable types of energy especially as compared to other
branches of power energy complex (nuclear energy, district heating).
Government budgets and investment policy of international financial
organizations (investing in oil industry and nuclear energy) do not promote development of
non-traditional renewable types of energy and energy-saving, it is necessary to reorient
investment flows to non-traditional renewable types of energy development and energy
saving.
9. Lack of national policies targeted at development
of non-traditional renewable types of energy, including lack of economic and financial
mechanisms, promoting their introduction and development.
Planned actions
Cancellation of the operating and also hidden governmental subsidies and
close down of the economical inefficient enterprises dealing with production, processing
and distribution of energies. Pricing level, promoting to efficiency enhancement
(including removing cross subsidizing)
.De-monopolization of services, encouraging competition and introduction
of measures aimed a investment regulation and stimulation, price decrease and service
quality enhancement.
Splitting up big vertical integrated monopolistic structures and
competition enhancement between the energy producers and suppliers and infrastructural
service providers.
Introduction of necessary measures to regulate and minimize the
monopolistic tendency and to stimulate internal and external investments.
Introduction of the policy ensuring customer rights protection,
guarantees of free choice for the energy consumers and creation of the adequate structural
base for the competition between energy producers and distributors.
Encouragement of regional and local initiatives in the area of energy
sustainable development, including development of regional and local programs considering
the need for restructuring of energy sector and introduction of small/renewable energy
sources on a broad scale.
Support and development of the international programs on the transfer of
technologies of renewable energy sources consumption; adoption of international
agreement” on the promotion to the exchange and introduction of technologies in order to
use the renewable sources of energy.” .
Shift of the investment priorities of the investment and loan providing
organizations from the mountain exploration, oil gas and atomic projects to the non
traditional types.
During the energy tariffs rise it is essential to consider the solvency
factors of the population so that the price rise will not compel the low income customers
groups to use less environmentally clean but cheaper types of fuel or use logs for fuel
raising the risk of deforestation)
To introduce air emission standards for existing energy-generating
enterprises, reflecting national and local priorities. Meeting these standards could be
achieved cost effectively.
To support environmental researches in the sector, including the process
of determining the original levels of wastes and development of the cost-effective
approaches to reach the target indicators of the waste reduction in the future.
Conducting systematic analysis of the new investments
effects on the environmental situation and considering the data obtained during the
investment related decision making. External environmental costs are to be considered.
To promote and assist in creation of the effective, transparent and
workable system of environmental management in energy sector, which would stimulate public
awareness and participation and will be nearly meeting the internationally acknowledged
most effective norms and patterns .
Promote to the consumption of cleaner types of fuel through::
The pricing reform and renewable energy sources share increase to be
added up to the general energy balance.
development of the up-to-ate legal base, including technical,
environmental, legal , economic and managerial aspects.
introduction of the governmental economic and financial mechanisms for
the AES (alternative non- traditional energy sources) stimulation and energy saving such
as : investment profit tax exemption aimed at the energy consumption efficiency
enhancement and introduction of the AES technologies, benefits for the taxation and
crediting policy, introduction of the system of material reward , using leasing based
schemes with the delayed payments, issuing securities for the energy saving projects,
differentiating tariffs for consumers.
To guarantee and to ensure participation and considering public opinions
during the discussion of policies, legislation, strategies, plans, programs, projects in
the energy sector on the multilateral basis.
To encourage consumption of cleaner types of fuel and technologies on
the transport and in TEK making a transition from coal consumption to the fossil fuel
(gas), to encourage measures on lead wastes stoppage and gas burning ( combustion) in
torches.
To promote to the environmentally sustainable methods of exploration,
production, processing, transportation and distribution of oil, gas and coal.
To strengthen the environmental management potential in the energy
sector and in the infrastructural sector
To remove the marketing barriers for the wide introduction of
technologies of the renewable energy sources and for the investments in the
Non-traditional types of Energy sources.
Indicators
Energy share, obtained from the renewable sources in total
Preservation or reduction of volume, level of wastes and green house
gases and pollutants from KET.
A 15% energy loss reduction
Energy consumption reduction per capita and per GDP item.
Agriculture (including issues of desertification, soil
erosion, salinization and land floods as well as land use planning and conservation of
agricultural biodiversity)
Agriculture in many of the transition economies was
characterized by a large-scale collective farming, monocultural crops, inefficient
irrigation schemes and a wide use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Environmental
issues in agriculture also include eutrophication, desertification, water shortages,
erosion, air, and soil and water pollution. As a result of the Soviet Union disintegration
in the 1990s and land privatization, pressures in from the agricultural sector on
environment somewhat weakened.
Many transition economies, agriculture is facing serious
economic problems due to its inefficiency, problems with land property rights and
competition with less expensive high-quality products from the west. The level of
pesticides and other fertilizers dropped dramatically as a result of economic recession in
the sector and reduction (as well as elimination) of some agricultural subsidies. In some
countries the land reform has been completed, in others - it is still lagging behind. The
emergence of a number of small farms resulted in a decrease of professionalism in land use
and in the methods used to protect plants and fertilizers. The countries of Central and
Eastern Europe in cooperation with national and international public organizations also
put forward strategies and programs focused on promotion of environmentally clean and
organic agriculture. The number of farms taking part in market economy is on the rise
although the figures are not yet that significant.
In many countries, it is still difficult to develop
effective and stable agriculture using available natural resources such as water and soil,
as after the considerable restructuring of the sector, new farmers are not trained enough
and do not get the support they need.
Agricultural activities are still one of the major
environmental threats to water quality, including ground waters. In most of the countries
the degree of probability of having environmental issues incorporated into agricultural
policies os is low.
Possible Objective:
Production of high quality food and other agricultural
products/services, and eventually, reconsidering economy and social structure so that the
base of non-renewable and renewable resources is replenished.
Possible intermediate objectives
Farmers should practice production technique not posing threats to human
and animal health or environment, including biodiversity while at the same minimizing our
environmental problems for which future generations will be made responsible.
2. Non-renewable resources should be gradually replaced by
renewable ones, their re-circulation (reuse) should be maximized.
Agriculture, practiced in accordance with the principles of sustainable
development, should meet the demand of society related to nutrition and recreation,
agriculture should encourage landscape conservation, protect cultural values, historical
heritage of the countryside and the creation of sustainable, well developed and reliably
protected rural communities.
Ethnic issues related to agricultural production should be ensured..
Problems:
Decrease of fertility, soil depletion and erosion due to inadequate land
use.
Water shortages and low quality, degradation of irrigation and drain
systems.
Lack of mechanisms for preventing the relapse into excessive and
inefficient application of fertilizers and pesticides.
Extensive environmentally-damaging technologies of crop cultivation,
low-yield inefficient crops and breeds.
High level of non-technological losses during crop collection and
storage.
Low level of primary product processing and end products.
Lack of government support for local producers.
Planned Actions:
2. Introduction of soil protective technologies and
techniques promoting nutrients preservation and fertility enhancement.
Minimizing risks related to plant protectors application, ensuring clean
ground and surface waters to ensure good quality drinking water.
Introduction of technologies geared towards crop preservation and high
quality food production.
Development of farming infrastructure and contribution to increase of
living standards in rural area and improvement of economic conditions for proper farming
in accordance with the principles of sustainable development.
Wide use of new alternative resource-saving production methods,
including organic farming.
7. Restoration of local structures practizing seed
production, conservation and development of local seed sorts and their gene pools.
Democratic and Transparent Decision Making for
Environmental Protection, Public Awareness and Environmental Education
Strengthening the information and monitoring capacity with the aim of
ensuring adequate, reliable and up-to-date information on the state of environment in
EECCA countries is a major condition for improving environmental policy and public
awareness-raising. Expansion of cooperation between existing environmental networks and
integration of information and management systems of EECCA into European systems could
help EECCA in establishing a firm basis for transition to environmentally-oriented economy
and sustainable development.
Improvement of Environmental Monitoring and Use of
Information
Problems
Weak information potential, insufficiently developed standardized
databases on the state of environment.
Weak systems of environmental monitoring, especially in such important
areas as hazardous waste, heavy metals, and other toxic substances, aerosols,
acidification, indoors air quality, ground waters, wildlife outside the boundaries of
specially protected territories.
Insufficiently developed indicators of environmental impacts in such key
economic sectors as transport, energy agriculture, etc.
Inefficiently developed reporting requirements for enterprises with
regard to pollution emissions and environmental indicators of their operations as well as
inefficient governmental control over their performance.
Lack of standardized reports for standardized methods of monitoring or
for methodologies for conducting analysis.
Lack of emissions data extrapolation which does not allow to determine
the area spread of pollutants.
Lack of operational system for laboratory attestation.
Lack of access to environmental information by public due to the lack of
publications and annual reports on the state of environment in a number of countries of
(including the Internet)
Weak and slow development of independent monitoring centers,
informational centers, networks and their insufficient interaction with relevant
governmental authorities.
Planned Actions
Setting priorities in the area of environmental monitoring based on
requirements for data collection and reporting, envisaged in national environmental
legislation, plans and programs as well as on following international commitments.
Improving the performance of environmental monitoring centers within
Environment Ministries, that will be responsible for carrying out monitoring, coordination
of actions with all other management bodies, local governments, scientific research
institutions and NGOs, as well as for environmental data collection and processing.
Ensuring regular monitoring of pollution emissions and discharges of
enterprises and conducting periodic control over enterprises’ compliance with
environmental standards and other requirements of environmental legislation by federal,
regional or local governments. Encouraging corporate environmental reporting.
Bringing definitions, classifications and monitoring reports in line
with international standards, starting with those used in accordance with applicable
international environmental agreements and applied by the European Environmental Agency
and WHO.
Encouraging all levels of government to make use of general databases
and software compatible with the environmental databases of the European Environmental
Agency member-states and encouraging exchange of environmental data between institutions.
Improving quality of information assigning priority to the development
of basic sets of environmental indicators based on international experience, especially
indicators used assessing progress in achieving environmental targets in accordance with
national objectives and international commitments.
Setting up (or improving) working institutional structures for
inter-agency cooperation and coordination of actions and for establishing a network of
certified experts responsible for specific actions in the area of monitoring and
information.
Public Participation in Environmental Decision-Making
Not all EECCA countries are parties to the Aarhus
Convention. Therefore, clear procedures of public participation should be developed and
implemented in all countries. On this basis, the public should be actively involved and
participate in all stages of environmental decision-making.
Problems
The poverty of EECCA population has become the major obstacle to
realistic, motivated participation in the decision making process regarding environmental
issues as environmental problem are not considered priority issues.
There is a conflict of interests whereby economic interests prevail over
environmental ones. In the countries of the region, the low level of public awareness of
the negative impacts that economic development could have on environment will, sooner or
later, affect economic development itself.
Weak public environmental education and awareness building both on the
part of government and on the part of NGOs result in weak support to environmental
programs by population.
Ignoring the importance of public environmental expertise on at all
levels of government, the lack of or existence of inefficient mechanisms of public
environmental expertise, including lack of funding for such an expertise.
Lack of a system of timely information to the public on expected
economic activities, including potentially dangerous projects, having negative
environmental impacts.
Planned Actions
Joining the Aarhus Convention should not limit access of the public as
currently available (in accordance with national legislation) to environmentally
significant information, should not limit public participation in the decision making
process and access to environmental justice. It is supposed to expand rather than limit
environmental rights of citizens.
Rights of the public to participate in decision making, including
detailed procedures on public awareness issues, timeframes, preparation of comments and
suggestions, considering these comments in the decision making process, information the
public on ultimate decision should have at least the status of rights stipulated in the
Aarhus Convention.
Actual public participation in decision making at all stages of
pre-project and project cycle (including EIA) giving a mandatory early notice to the
public on planned activities/projects whose implementation may have negative impact on
environment.
Strengthening of institutional framework and training of staff including
by developing educational and methodological materials and raining government officials on
public participation issues and access to justice.
Strengthening environmental law enforcement in order to create effective
mechanisms ensuring that the public could exercise its environmental rights.
Support for environmental NGOs also through simplifying, where possible,
registration procedures, providing tax breaks and office facilities.
Support in establishing and operating Public Councils of environmental
NGOs under Environmental Ministries and in all regional centers, providing financial
support to their initiatives. Public Councils of environmental NGOs is a new and far going
form of public environmental self-government and constructive cooperation between public
and governmental environmental bodies.
Developing sub regional cooperation aimed at public participation in
environmental decision-making.
More active involvement of those mass media that are financially
supported by government budgets into dissemination of urgent environmental information as
a mechanism of access to information.
Environmental Education
Over the past 20 years environmental education both formal
and informal has been in the focus of attention of all EECCA countries.
Problems
Methodological materials in the field of environmental education are not
systematized, published in limited numbers and do not easily reach teachers (lack of a
system for dissemination information and methodological materials).
Lack of a system of a comprehensive and solid environmental education
which guides people from their birth through university to broadening their knowledge and
skills at their jobs.
Capacity of universities is not adequately utilized.
Shortage of well-qualified educators at all educational levels.
Low level of environmental awareness of managers in the field of both
governance and regional planning as well as in business, agriculture, and especially in
industrial sectors; lack of legally-supported system for mandatory environmental training
of managers and their performance assessment.
Systematic environmental education is basically missing. Mass media
capacity is not used in its full capacity. Environmental centers set up for education and
awareness building purposes basically operate on a grant- commercial basis.
Lack of sufficient financial support for by the government for the
system of environmental education and awareness.
Planned Actions
To set up a network of Centers providing information and methodological
support in the area of environmental education and awareness raising, ensuring regular
exchange of information and experience.
To encourage establishment and development of accessible databases,
information and statistical materials on environmental education and awareness raising,
including the Internet.
To design and implement training courses on environmental education for
government officials and other target groups, also focused on local, national and
transboundary issues.
To form national networks of information and education on environmental
issues targeting different audiences and based on the example of sanitary education that
existed earlier, preparing a great number of visual informational materials.
To legalise the use of social advertising for environmental education
(street advertisements, radio, TVand other mass media ads).
To develop a comprehensive and multilateral system of education guiding
people from elementary and secondary school to Univerity to further expanding knowledge
and skills at their hobs.
To develop a system of additional environmental education and awareness
both in the form of government organizations and NGOs. Special emphasis should be put on
outdoor activities for students joining interest groups focused on environmental issues
and regional studies. To set up a network of youth centers dealing with environmental
issues and regional studies under the Ministries of Education (following the model of
….).
To ensure financial support for the system of environmental education
and awareness on the part of the government (also provided by public organizations and
NGOs).
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